
Gavin Bramble and Colin Mullaney: The Underground Railroad
Frederick Douglass:
Frederick Douglass was born into slavery on February 14, 1817 in Tuckahoe, Maryland. His full name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey before he became known as Frederick Douglass. Because he grew up in an area called Anacostia, he was also known as the "Sage of Anacostia." Douglass was an abolitionist from the start so he was determined to get himself out of slavery; however, there were many things standing in his way, such as bounty hunters. Eventually, he escaped from slavery in 1838 by borrowing another slave's papers. According to Douglass, the moment when the conductor looked at his papers and decided to let him pass was the most tense, yet important moment of his life. If the conductor had examined the papers closely, as he was supposed to, he would have discovered that Douglass was pretending to be somebody he was not. After escaping, Douglass joined the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society in 1841. Unlike most other slaves, Douglass could read and write. In fact, he was a very gifted writer. Douglass took advantage of his talent and he became the editor of The​ Liberator alongside William Lloyd Garrison. He also wrote three books, two of which were autobiographies. He wrote his first autobiography in 1845 while simultaneously earning money as a speaker. He also traveled the world and made relationships with more abolitionists. When Douglass was visiting Ireland, he was appalled by how the Irish people were being treated by the British, but he remained silent on the issue in order to keep the abolitionists united. Douglass became famous for the Narrative where he explained the life and pains of slaves and their experiences on the Underground Railroad. In the Narrative, he exposed slaveholders for tyrannies such as abuse and murderer. He also became the editor of a black-owned newspaper, the North Star. Eventually, Douglass married Anna Murray and they had three sons and two daughters. Douglass lived in Rochester, New York during most of his free life. Douglass believed that having a free, democratic country while also allowing slavery was not sustainable. Despite their history of work together, Douglass and Garrison were divided over how the Constitution regards slavery; Douglass believed that the Constitution could be used to abolish slavery while Garrison thought that the Constitution was written in support of slavery and therefore could not be changed. While Douglass's work mainly influenced the ways which people thought about slavery, there is also evidence that his house served as a station on the Underground Railroad for a period of time. In fact, some historians believe Douglass once hid a group of escaping slaves that was led by Harriet Tubman. Douglass also supported women's rights and attended the 1848 convention for women's rights in Seneca Falls, New York where he delivered a powerful speech. Although he supported women's rights, he did not agree with Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Stanton on certain topics. In 1882, his wife, Anna Murray Douglass died at the age of 45 from rheumatism. Two years later, in 1884, he got married to Helen Pitts, a 46 year-old white abolitionist. They lived in Anacostia where Douglass had grown up. Douglass moved back to Anacostia to a house called "Cedar Hill." On February 20, 1895 in Anacostia Heights, Maryland, Douglass died, and he was buried in Mount Hope Cemetery in Rochester, New York. In his lifetime, he helped free hundreds of slaves.
